Taxonomy
The 4-way crosswalk
AgingBio sub-areas (rows) mapped against the four frameworks that dominate the field (columns). SENS damage types were proposed in 2003; the Hallmarks of aging were revised in 2013, 2022, and 2023 — Karl tracks all three versions as separate frameworks because they aren’t strictly backwards-compatible. The 7 Pillars of aging arrived in 2014. Empty cells are mappings Karl judged ambiguous or absent.
| AgingBio sub-area | SENS 7 damage types 2003 · de Grey 2003 | Hallmarks of aging 2013 · López-Otín et al. | Hallmarks of aging 2022 · Schmauck-Medina et al. | Hallmarks of aging 2023 · López-Otín et al. | 7 Pillars of aging 2014 · Kennedy et al. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| autophagy | — | — |
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| cell communication | — |
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| clocks | — | — | — | — | — |
| ECM |
| — | — | — | — |
| epigenetic | — |
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| genomic | — |
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| inflammation | — | — |
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| intracell junk |
| — | — | — | — |
| klotho | — | — | — | — | — |
| metabolism | — |
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| microbiome | — | — | — | — | — |
| mitochondria |
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| proteostasis |
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| senescence |
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| — |
| splicing | — | — | — | — | — |
| stem cells | — |
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| stress | — | — | — | — | — |
| telomeres | — |
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All terms in each framework
The raw vocabulary of each taxonomy, regardless of which AgingBio sub-area it aligns with. Useful for spotting terms that exist in one framework but not another.
SENS 7 damage types · 2003
- cancerous cells
- cell loss and atrophy
- cell senescence
- extracellular crosslinks
- extracellular junk
- intracellular junk
- mitochondrial mutations
Hallmarks of aging · 2013
- altered intercellular communication
- cellular senescence
- deregulated nutrient sensing
- epigenetic alterations
- genomic instability
- loss of proteostasis
- mitochondrial dysfunction
- stem cell exhaustion
- telomere attrition
Hallmarks of aging · 2022
- altered intercellular communication
- cellular senescence
- compromised autophagy
- deregulated nutrient sensing
- dysbiosis
- epigenetic alterations
- genomic instability
- inflammation
- loss of proteostasis
- microbiome dysbiosis
- mitochondrial dysfunction
- stem cell exhaustion
- telomere attrition
Hallmarks of aging · 2023
- altered intercellular communication
- cellular senescence
- chronic inflammation
- deregulated nutrient sensing
- disabled macroautophagy
- dysbiosis
- epigenetic alterations
- genomic instability
- loss of proteostasis
- mitochondrial dysfunction
- stem cell exhaustion
- telomere attrition
7 Pillars of aging · 2014
- adaptation to stress
- epigenetics
- inflammation
- macromolecular damage
- metabolism
- proteostasis
- stem cells and regeneration